2019年歲(sui)末的壹(yi)場新型冠(guan)狀(zhuang)病毒(du)（2019-nCoV）肆虐(nue)讓整(zheng)個(ge)華(hua)夏(xia)大(da)地籠(long)罩在恐(kong)慌(huang)之中。2026年(nian)01月10日中科(ke)院(yuan)武(wu)漢(han)病(bing)毒所(suo)研(yan)究(jiu)發現(xian)新型冠(guan)狀(zhuang)病毒(du)與此(ci)前(qian)在雲南中菊頭蝠（Rhinolophus affinis）上檢(jian)測到的蝙(bian)蝠冠狀病(bing)毒(du)RaTG13相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)具(ju)有(you)96.2%的壹(yi)致性。據此(ci)推測新型冠(guan)狀(zhuang)病毒(du)起(qi)源(yuan)於(yu)蝙(bian)蝠。國(guo)外(wai)大(da)量研(yan)究(jiu)報道(dao)證實(shi)蝙(bian)蝠確實(shi)是攜帶(dai)多(duo)病毒種(zhong)類(lei)的哺乳動(dong)物(wu)之(zhi)壹(yi)，但是(shi)因(yin)為特(te)殊(shu)體(ti)質（高溫）和強大(da)的免疫(yi)系(xi)統，這(zhe)些(xie)病(bing)毒(du)並不能(neng)對蝙(bian)蝠造(zao)成(cheng)傷(shang)害。而(er)維持高體(ti)溫(wen)和增(zeng)強免疫(yi)系(xi)統與(yu)新(xin)陳代(dai)謝（能(neng)量代(dai)謝）密(mi)切相(xiang)關(guan)。

   SSI多功能(neng)創(chuang)新型動(dong)物(wu)能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測基於呼(hu)吸代(dai)謝室(shi)（metabolic chamber）技(ji)術，系(xi)統主(zhu)要由(you)定(ding)制(zhi)呼(hu)吸室(shi)、氣(qi)流(liu)發(fa)生控制(zhi)與二次(ci)抽(chou)樣(yang)單(dan)元(yuan)、氣(qi)體(ti)分(fen)析（氧氣(qi)、二氧化(hua)碳和水(shui)汽(qi)）單元(yuan)、數據采集器(qi)，功能(neng)強大(da)數據分(fen)析處(chu)理(li)軟(ruan)件等(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)，可以備(bei)選溫度傳感(gan)器(qi)探針(zhen)、溫(wen)濕(shi)度控制(zhi)箱、動(dong)物(wu)活動度監(jian)測器(qi)、動物(wu)行(xing)為(wei)記(ji)錄與分(fen)析單(dan)元(yuan)、野(ye)生動物(wu)紅外(wai)熱成(cheng)像(xiang)單元、植入(ru)式(shi)溫(wen)度（心率(lv)）記(ji)錄儀(yi)等(deng)全(quan)面記(ji)錄動物(wu)的行(xing)為(wei)與生(sheng)理(li)參(can)數，廣(guang)泛用於動物呼(hu)吸生(sheng)理(li)學、腸(chang)道微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)能(neng)量代(dai)謝調(tiao)節(jie)，神(shen)經(jing)與(yu)免疫(yi)代(dai)謝調(tiao)節(jie)，野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)生(sheng)理生(sheng)態(tai)以及與(yu)微(wei)生物(wu)宿主的協同(tong)進(jin)化(hua)研(yan)究(jiu)等(deng)。

上圖為幾(ji)種(zhong)動(dong)物的能(neng)量代(dai)謝測量研(yan)究(jiu)（備(bei)註：左上圖的蜂(feng)鳥(niao)設計(ji)同(tong)樣(yang)適用於蝙(bian)蝠）

典(dian)型應(ying)用壹(yi)

Interruption to cutaneous gas exchange is not a likely mechanism of WNS-associated death in bats[J]，Carey C S, Boyles J G.. Journal of Experimental Biology, 2015, 218(13): 1986-1989.

本(ben)文使(shi)用SSI能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測技(ji)術研(yan)究(jiu)了褐(he)蝠(fu)患有白(bai)鼻(bi)綜合癥(zheng)（WNS）後的皮膚脫水(shui)，以及呼(hu)吸代(dai)謝過(guo)程中(zhong)的水(shui)分(fen)代(dai)謝、能(neng)量代(dai)謝情況(kuang)，實(shi)驗測試(shi)了毀滅性肺孢(bao)子(zi)蟲感(gan)染(ran)可導致(zhi)跨(kua)翼膜(mo)的被(bei)動氣(qi)體(ti)交換(huan)通路(lu)中斷(duan)，從(cong)而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)水(shui)強化(hua)肺呼(hu)吸代(dai)償性增加(jia)。           

典(dian)型應(ying)用二

WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN A RESISTANT BAT SPECIES (EPTESICUS FUSCUS)[J], Naffa K S.2019.

本(ben)實(shi)驗通過SSI能(neng)量代(dai)謝技(ji)術測量了(le)冬(dong)眠(mian)期的代(dai)謝率(lv)喚醒(xing)/遲(chi)鈍的模(mo)式(shi)（Fig3），以及利(li)用敏感(gan)的數據記(ji)錄器(qi)記(ji)錄體(ti)溫(wen)（Fig2），研(yan)究(jiu)了易感(gan)真(zhen)菌(jun)Psuedogymnoascus destructans（Pd）患有WNS疾(ji)病(bing)蝙(bian)蝠免疫(yi)系(xi)統反(fan)應(ying)可能(neng)導致(zhi)新陳代(dai)謝率(lv)的提(ti)高以使(shi)蝙(bian)蝠更頻繁地(di)醒(xing)來(lai)。假設抗(kang)藥性蝙(bian)蝠不會產生免疫(yi)反(fan)應(ying)，但是(shi)如果它們真(zhen)的產生免疫(yi)反(fan)應(ying)作為(wei)回應(ying)，假設蝙(bian)蝠接種(zhong)了(le)Pd並用抗(kang)炎藥治療(liao)治療(liao)不(bu)會(hui)對(dui)感(gan)染(ran)產生反應(ying)，終(zhong)會保(bao)留(liu)脂(zhi)肪(fang)儲備(bei)並降低冬(dong)眠(mian)期間(jian)的代(dai)謝消耗(hao)。

典(dian)型應(ying)用三

Short-term thermoregulatory adjustments in a South American anseriform, the black-necked swan (Cygnus melanocoryphus)[J]，Nespolo R F, Artacho P, Verdugo C, et al. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2008, 150(3): 366-368.

本(ben)文通過SSI能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測研(yan)究(jiu)黑頸天鵝(e)短期熱應(ying)激後(hou)的能(neng)量代(dai)謝調(tiao)節(jie)，結果表(biao)明此(ci)種(zhong)類(lei)天鵝與其(qi)它雁形(xing)目(mu)、雜色(se)類(lei)鵝類相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)出(chu)現(xian)較(jiao)低(di)的靜(jing)息代(dai)謝率(lv)，以及黑頸天鵝(e)在不同(tong)的溫(wen)度濕(shi)度環境(jing)下(xia)改(gai)變了(le)“濕(shi)”熱導(dao)率(lv)。

典(dian)型應(ying)用四(si)

Comparison between conventional and" clinical" assessment of experimental lung fibrosis[J]，Ask K, Labiris R, Farkas L, et al.. Journal of translational medicine, 2008, 6(1): 16.

本(ben)文通過SSI能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測技(ji)術研(yan)究(jiu)特(te)發性肺纖(xian)維化(hua)動物的大(da)耗(hao)氧量(liang)VO2max，將嚙(nie)齒(chi)動(dong)物置(zhi)於(yu)在封(feng)閉(bi)的跑步(bu)機上以越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)快的速(su)度跑連續測量氧氣(qi)和二氧化(hua)碳。大(da)VO2平均(jun)減少了10%，但沒(mei)有(you)達(da)到統計(ji)顯著(zhu)性。

需要說(shuo)明的是(shi)，北(bei)京易科(ke)泰(tai)生(sheng)態(tai)技(ji)術有(you)限公(gong)司作為(wei)美國(guo)SSI公(gong)司在中國(guo)的*家(jia)技(ji)術支(zhi)持中心，積10多(duo)年(nian)的動(dong)物能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測技(ji)術經(jing)驗可以為(wei)各(ge)種(zhong)動(dong)物（媒介昆蟲(chong)、哺乳動(dong)物(wu)、鳥(niao)類、海洋(yang)動物(wu)、經濟(ji)動(dong)物、人(ren)體(ti)等(deng)）能(neng)量代(dai)謝監(jian)測提供(gong)創(chuang)新型專家(jia)型技(ji)術方案。

參(can)考文獻(xian)及資(zi)料(liao)（僅列出部(bu)分(fen)代(dai)表性文獻(xian)）

• Ask K, Labiris R, Farkas L, et al. Comparison between conventional and" clinical" assessment of experimental lung fibrosis[J]. Journal of translational medicine, 2008, 6(1): 16.
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• Cabrera-Martínez L V, Cruz-Neto A P. The energetic cost of mounting an immune response for Pallas’s long-tongued bat (Glossophaga soricina)[J]. PeerJ, 2018, 6: e4627.
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• Naffa K S. WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN A RESISTANT BAT SPECIES (EPTESICUS FUSCUS)[J]. 2019.
• Nespolo R F, Artacho P, Verdugo C, et al. Short-term thermoregulatory adjustments in a South American anseriform, the black-necked swan (Cygnus melanocoryphus)[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2008, 150(3): 366-368.
• Suarez R K, Welch Jr K C, Hanna S K. Flight muscle enzymes and metabolic flux rates during hovering flight of the nectar bat, Glossophaga soricina: further evidence of convergence with hummingbirds[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2009, 153(2): 136-140.
• Welman S, Tuen A A, Lovegrove B G. Using thermoregulatory profiles to assess climate change vulnerability in an arboreal tropical bat: heterothermy may be a pre-adaptive advantage[J]. Climate Research, 2017, 74(2): 161-170.