易科(ke)泰FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)技術：采(cai)後保(bao)鮮(xian)與品(pin)質鑒(jian)定(ding)

水果(guo)、蔬菜(cai)、鮮(xian)花(hua)等(deng)鮮活(huo)農產(chan)品采(cai)摘後(hou)生(sheng)理過程會有(you)明顯的(de)變化(hua)。收(shou)獲(huo)的(de)鮮(xian)活(huo)農產(chan)品在(zai)呼(hu)吸作用(yong)、蒸發(fa)作用(yong)等(deng)變化(hua)影(ying)響(xiang)下，導致(zhi)其(qi)組(zu)織(zhi)衰(shuai)老、水(shui)分(fen)損失，甚至變質。相(xiang)關采(cai)後(hou)生(sheng)理學的研(yan)究(jiu)與與其(qi)貯(zhu)藏(zang)、保鮮(xian)、運輸(shu)有(you)著(zhe)密(mi)切的聯(lian)系(xi)。而鮮(xian)活(huo)農產(chan)品又(you)不同於作(zuo)物(wu)，不(bu)能進行幹燥保(bao)存(cun)，必須使(shi)用(yong)物(wu)理(li)或(huo)化(hua)學(xue)方(fang)法(fa)的保鮮(xian)技術延(yan)緩農產(chan)品新(xin)鮮度下降並防止變質，保(bao)持其(qi)良(liang)好鮮(xian)度和品(pin)質。而對(dui)相(xiang)關采(cai)後(hou)保鮮(xian)技術開(kai)發就(jiu)必須(xu)有壹種可靠(kao)、簡便、直(zhi)觀(guan)的技術能對(dui)處(chu)理後的(de)鮮活(huo)農產(chan)品進行快(kuai)速(su)品質鑒(jian)定(ding)，FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)技術就(jiu)恰好能*這(zhe)方(fang)面(mian)的需求(qiu)，因(yin)此在(zai)相(xiang)關的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)中有大(da)量的(de)應(ying)用(yong)。同時，高(gao)光譜成像(xiang)技術也(ye)經(jing)常與FluorCam聯(lian)用(yong)，獲(huo)取(qu)更全面(mian)的品質檢(jian)測數(shu)據(ju)。

案例(li)1：水果(guo)蔬菜(cai)儲(chu)存(cun)與溫(wen)濕(shi)度的關系(xi)

早在(zai)2014年，韓(han)國韓(han)京(jing)大(da)學的(de)科(ke)學家(jia)就(jiu)使(shi)用(yong)FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)系統(tong)測(ce)量西(xi)紅(hong)柿、辣椒、蘋果(guo)、獼(mi)猴(hou)桃等(deng)水果(guo)蔬菜(cai)在(zai)不(bu)同儲存(cun)條(tiao)件下（室溫(wen)、低溫、高(gao)溫(wen)、高(gao)濕(shi)）的(de)品(pin)質變化(hua)，通(tong)過最(zui)小(xiao)熒光Fo、最(zui)大(da)熒光Fm、最(zui)大(da)光化(hua)學(xue)效(xiao)率(lv)Fv/Fm和非光化(hua)學(xue)淬(cui)滅(mie)系數(shu)NPQ，從光合生(sheng)理的角度證實(shi)低(di)溫是(shi)最(zui)佳(jia)的常規(gui)水果(guo)蔬菜(cai)保(bao)鮮(xian)技術。

案例(li)2：甜椒(jiao)的最(zui)佳(jia)低溫保存(cun)條(tiao)件

低溫(wen)保存(cun)也(ye)有(you)可能對(dui)儲(chu)存的農產(chan)品造成冷害(hai)。因此匈牙(ya)利聖(sheng)伊斯(si)特萬大(da)學(xue)使(shi)用(yong)FluorCam研(yan)究(jiu)了(le)甜椒在不同低溫(wen)儲存(cun)後(hou)保(bao)存(cun)期(qi)的變化(hua)。結(jie)果(guo)顯示(shi)5℃低溫(wen)儲存(cun)延緩了甜(tian)椒(jiao)果(guo)實的采後(hou)成熟(shu)，即使(shi)甜(tian)椒(jiao)進入保存期(qi)，對(dui)其(qi)保(bao)鮮(xian)也(ye)有(you)作(zuo)用(yong)。而2.5℃低溫(wen)儲存(cun)下，葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光參(can)數(shu)表(biao)明甜椒(jiao)極可能出(chu)現了(le)低溫(wen)損傷(shang)，因(yin)此在(zai)儲存(cun)中如果(guo)有類似低溫(wen)情況需(xu)要(yao)進行快(kuai)速(su)的處理(li)以免甜椒(jiao)變質。

案例(li)3：蘋果(guo)熱(re)水(shui)保(bao)鮮(xian)處理後的品(pin)質評估

在進行鮮切沙(sha)拉(la)生(sheng)產(chan)時，熱(re)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)也(ye)是(shi)壹種常用(yong)的保(bao)鮮技術。同樣的(de)，處理(li)溫(wen)度、時機與持(chi)續(xu)時(shi)間(jian)也(ye)是(shi)至(zhi)關重(zhong)要的(de)。德(de)國(guo)萊布尼茨(ci)農業工(gong)程和生(sheng)物(wu)經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)（ATB）運用(yong)FluorCam和高(gao)光譜技術對(dui)不(bu)同蘋果(guo)品種的熱(re)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)進行評估。FluorCam通過對(dui)光系統損傷的檢(jian)測評估熱(re)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)效果(guo)，高(gao)光譜技術則(ze)檢測(ce)NDVI（與葉(ye)綠素含(han)量相(xiang)關）和NAI（與花(hua)青(qing)素(su)含(han)量相(xiang)關）反(fan)映(ying)熱(re)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)對(dui)營(ying)養成分(fen)的損(sun)傷。結果(guo)表(biao)明，“紅將(jiang)軍"蘋(ping)果(guo)在55℃處理(li)30-120s效果(guo)好，其(qi)他品(pin)種可以在(zai)60℃進行處理。FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)技術在(zai)這(zhe)壹研(yan)究(jiu)中提供(gong)了(le)快(kuai)速(su)、高(gao)靈敏(min)度、有效的檢(jian)測(ce)工(gong)具。

案例(li)4：葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)與高(gao)光譜成像(xiang)技術結(jie)合研(yan)究(jiu)花(hua)椰(ye)菜(cai)采(cai)後(hou)生(sheng)理變化(hua)

    在蔬菜(cai)保(bao)鮮(xian)和品(pin)質鑒(jian)定(ding)上(shang)，FluorCam和Specim高(gao)光譜成像(xiang)技術的(de)結合也(ye)是(shi)很(hen)常用(yong)的。德(de)國(guo)萊布尼茨(ci)農業工(gong)程和生(sheng)物(wu)經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)（ATB）同樣使(shi)用(yong)這(zhe)兩(liang)項技術綜(zong)合分(fen)析了(le)花(hua)椰(ye)菜(cai)采(cai)摘後(hou)的(de)可存(cun)儲性，希(xi)望(wang)在采摘前(qian)就(jiu)能夠(gou)在(zai)田間(jian)預(yu)先確(que)定(ding)花(hua)椰(ye)菜(cai)的(de)保(bao)鮮期(qi)。沈(shen)陽(yang)農業大(da)學也(ye)利用(yong)FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)技術研(yan)究(jiu)花(hua)椰(ye)菜(cai)采(cai)後(hou)黃(huang)化(hua)機制與保(bao)鮮(xian)技術開(kai)發，僅(jin)在(zai)這(zhe)方(fang)面(mian)研(yan)究(jiu)中就(jiu)發表(biao)了3篇高(gao)質量SCI文獻。

案例(li)5：應(ying)用(yong)保鮮(xian)劑提高(gao)鮮(xian)切花(hua)運輸(shu)過程中保鮮(xian)效(xiao)果(guo)

鮮切花(hua)尤其(qi)是(shi)鮮(xian)切月季(ji)在(zai)采摘運輸(shu)過程中，保鮮(xian)處(chu)理也(ye)是(shi)非常重(zhong)要的(de)，而鮮(xian)花(hua)的(de)保(bao)鮮(xian)技術與水(shui)果(guo)蔬菜(cai)又(you)有(you)很(hen)大(da)不同。韓國(guo)世宗(zong)大(da)學(xue)在相(xiang)關研(yan)究(jiu)中，對(dui)不(bu)同品種(zhong)的月季(ji)施(shi)加(jia)了各種防腐液與乙烯抑制(zhi)劑，以評估最(zui)佳(jia)的保鮮運輸(shu)方(fang)法(fa)。FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光技術為鮮(xian)花(hua)活(huo)力(li)評估鑒(jian)定(ding)提供(gong)了(le)最(zui)有(you)力(li)的證據(ju)。

參(can)考(kao)文獻：

1.Yoo, , et al. 2014. Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Imaging Technique for Fresh Quality Assessment of Tomato and Pepper Fruits Stored Under Different Conditions. Journal of Advances In Agriculture 3(3): 188-197

2.Yoo, , et al. 2014. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis for fresh quality assessment of apple and kiwi fruits preserved under different storage conditions. International Journal of Advanced Information Science and Technology 3(9): .61-69

3.Zsom T, et al. 2020. Nondestructive detection of low temperature induced stress on postharvest quality of kápia type sweet pepper. Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 16：173-186

4.Herppich WB, et al. 2020. Optimization of Short-Term Hot-Water Treatment of Apples for Fruit Salad Production by Non-Invasive Chlorophyll-Fluorescence Imaging. Foods 9(6): 820

5.Kabakeris T, 2016. Storability of broccoli – investigations of optical monitoring, chlorophyll degradation and predetermination in the field. Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dissertation

6.Fang H, et al. 2020. Potential of jasmonic acid (JA) in accelerating postharvest yellowing of broccoli by promoting its chlorophyll degradation. Food Chemistry 309: 125737

7.Luo F, et al. 2019. Transcriptome profiling reveals the roles of pigment mechanisms in postharvest broccoli yellowing. Horticulture Research 6:74

8.Cai J, et al. 2019. 24-Epibrassinolide treatment regulates broccoli yellowing during shelf life. Postharvest Biology and Technology 154: 87–95

9.Ha STT, et al. 2019. Extension of the Vase Life of Cut Roses by Both Improving Water Relations and Repressing Ethylene Responses. Horticultural Science and Technology 37(1):65-77

10.Ha STT, et al. 2019. Simultaneous Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis and Binding Using AVG and 1-MCP in Two Rose C*rs with Different Sensitivities to Ethylene. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 39:553–563

11.Ruiz De Larrinaga L, et al. 2019. Life after Harvest: Circadian Regulation in Photosynthetic Pigments of Rocket Leaves during Supermarket Storage Affects the Nutritional Quality. Nutrients, 11(7): 1519

12.Roh, et al. 2020. Effects of Dry and Wet Shipping Conditions on Quality, Vase Life, and Physiological Responses of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Baekma’ Cut Flowers. Horticultural Science and Technology: 218-227

北京(jing)易科(ke)泰生(sheng)態技術公(gong)司提供(gong)采(cai)後保(bao)鮮與品(pin)質鑒(jian)定(ding)相(xiang)關研(yan)究(jiu)全面(mian)技術方(fang)案：

1.FluorPen/AquaPen手持(chi)儀(yi)葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光儀(yi)

2.FluorCam葉(ye)綠素熒(ying)光成像(xiang)系統(tong)

3.Specim高(gao)光譜測量技術

4.SpectraPen/PolyPen手持(chi)式光譜儀(yi)

5.SpectraScan高(gao)通(tong)量作(zuo)物(wu)果(guo)實品質檢(jian)測方(fang)案

6.PlantScreen植物(wu)高(gao)通(tong)量表(biao)型成像(xiang)分(fen)析平臺